Hepatitis is a viral infection that affects the liver. There are five main types of hepatitis viruses, referred to as hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Each type of hepatitis virus affects the liver differently and has different modes of transmission.
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis A is a highly contagious viral infection that is typically spread through contaminated food or water. The symptoms of hepatitis A include fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes). There is a vaccine available to prevent hepatitis A.
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is a viral infection that is transmitted through blood and other bodily fluids. It can also be transmitted from mother to child during childbirth. The symptoms of hepatitis B include fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and jaundice. Chronic hepatitis B can lead to serious liver damage, including cirrhosis and liver cancer. There is a vaccine available to prevent hepatitis B.
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C is a viral infection that is transmitted through blood and other bodily fluids. It is a leading cause of liver disease and liver cancer. The symptoms of hepatitis C include fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and jaundice. There is no vaccine available to prevent hepatitis C, but antiviral medications can be used to treat the infection.
Recent research indicates a strong link between fatty liver disease and hepatitis C. Fatty liver disease can occur independently or in conjunction with a hepatitis C infection.
Hepatitis D
Hepatitis D is a viral infection that only occurs in people who are already infected with hepatitis B. It is transmitted through blood and other bodily fluids. The symptoms of hepatitis D are similar to those of hepatitis B. There is a vaccine available to prevent hepatitis B, which in turn can prevent hepatitis D.
Hepatitis E
Hepatitis E is a viral infection that is typically spread through contaminated food or water. It is most common in developing countries with poor sanitation. The symptoms of hepatitis E are similar to those of hepatitis A. There is no vaccine available to prevent hepatitis E.
Overall, it is important to take steps to prevent hepatitis infections, such as practicing good hygiene, getting vaccinated (when available), avoiding risky behaviors (such as sharing needles), and seeking prompt medical attention if you suspect you may have been exposed to hepatitis.